Shame and Pride: Affect, Sex, and the Birth of the Self (Revised)Drawing on every theme of the modern life sciences, Donald Nathanson shows how nine basic effects interest excitement, enjoyment joy, surprise startle, fear terror, distress anguish, anger rage, dissmell, disgust, and shame humiliation not only determine how we feel but shape our very sense of self. For too long those who explain emotional discomfort on the basis of lived experience and those who blame chemistry have been at loggerheads. As Dr.