Negotiation and ResistanceIn Negotiation and Resistance, Constance Brittain Bouchard challenges familiar depictions of the peasantry as an undifferentiated mass of impoverished and powerless workers. Peasants in eleventh and twelfth century France had far more scope for action, self determination, and resistance to oppressive treatmentthat is, for agencythan they are usually credited with having. Through innovative readings of documents collected in medieval cartularies,